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PLoS One 8(6):e65339Ĭhen KK (2009) Bathing pool assembly with water full of nano-scale ozone bubbles. Hort Technol 19(1):212–215Įbina K, Shi K, Hirao M, Hashimoto J, Kawato Y, Kaneshiro S, Morimoto T, Koizumi K, Yoshikawa H (2013) Oxygen and air nanobubble water solution promote the growth of plants, fishes, and mice. Park J, Kurata K (2009) Application of microbubbles to hydroponics solution promotes lettuce growth. Ohnari H (2001) Fisheries experiments of cultivated shells using micro-bubbles techniques. Sobhy A, Tao D (2013) Nanobubble column flotation of fine coal particles and associated fundamentals. Chin Sci Bull 52(14):1913–1919Īhmadi R, Khodadadi DA, Abdollahy M, Fan M (2014) Nano-microbubble flotation of fine and ultrafine chalcopyrite particles. Wu Z, Zhang X, Zhang X, Sun J, Dong Y, Hu J (2007) In situ AFM observation of BSA adsorption on HOPG with nanobubble. Liu G, Wu Z, Craig VS (2008) Cleaning of protein-coated surfaces using nanobubbles: an investigation using a quartz crystal microbalance. Ghadimkhani A, Zhang W, Marhaba T (2016) Ceramic membrane defouling (cleaning) by air nano bubbles. Meegoda JN, Aluthgun Hewage S, Batagoda JH (2018) Stability of nanobubbles. Gurung A, Dahl O, Jansson K (2016) The fundamental phenomena of nanobubbles and their behavior in wastewater treatment technologies. Chemphyschem 13(8):2179–2187Īhmed AKA, Sun C, Hua L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Marhaba T (2018) Generation of nanobubbles by ceramic membrane filters: the dependence of bubble size and zeta potential on surface coating, pore size and injected gas pressure. Seddon JR, Lohse D, Ducker WA, Craig VS (2012) A deliberation on nanobubbles at surfaces and in bulk. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 16(4):350–356
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Zimmerman WB, Tesař V, Bandulasena HCH (2011) Towards energy efficient nanobubble generation with fluidic oscillation. Uchida T, Oshita S, Ohmori M, Tsuno T, Soejima K, Shinozaki S, Take Y, Mitsuda K (2011) Transmission electron microscopic observations of nanobubbles and their capture of impurities in wastewater. Phan KKT, Truong T, Wang Y, Bhandari B (2020) Nanobubbles: Fundamental characteristics and applications in food processing. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 361(1-3):31–37 Ushikubo FY, Furukawa T, Nakagawa R, Enari M, Makino Y, Kawagoe Y, Shiina T, Oshita S (2010) Evidence of the existence and the stability of nano-bubbles in water. Chem Eng Process Process Intensif 136:62–71 Ulatowski K, Sobieszuk P, Mróz A, Ciach T (2019) Stability of nanobubbles generated in water using porous membrane system. These findings highlight some new fundamental understandings on the generation and physical characteristics of CO 2 NBs, which can have potential applications in food processing that need to be further explored.Īgarwal A, Ng WJ, Liu Y (2011) Principle and applications of microbubble and nanobubble technology for water treatment. Their existence lasted for more than 7 days with a good repeatability of size distribution density, and the pH values of CO 2–NB solution were maintained below 4. Zeta potential of the formed NBs varied from − 8 to − 19 mV, indicating their stability in the aqueous medium. Concentration of CO 2 in water containing the NBs (~ 2000 ppm) also increased significantly. Size measurement via dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique indicated that CO 2 NBs generated were in the range of 200–500 nm depending on the gas pressures, gas and water flow rate used. The NBs were generated by injecting CO 2 gas at 300, 350 and 400 kPa pressures to deionised water pumped at 100 and 200 kPa through a commercial NB generator. This work aimed to investigate the formation and stability of CO 2 bulk NBs in water for intended applications in food processing. Bulk nanobubbles (NBs) are ultrafine gas-filled cavities at nanoscale size possessing unique properties which can provide promising benefits to food product quality and processability.